{"id":4850,"date":"2022-04-14T11:10:18","date_gmt":"2022-04-14T09:10:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/5-problematiques\/pression-sur-les-terres\/"},"modified":"2022-06-28T11:19:23","modified_gmt":"2022-06-28T09:19:23","slug":"pression-sur-les-terres","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/fr\/5-problematiques\/pression-sur-les-terres\/","title":{"rendered":"Pression sur les terres"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row css_animation=\u00a0\u00bbfadeIn\u00a0\u00bb centered=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb bg_type=\u00a0\u00bbimage\u00a0\u00bb parallax_style=\u00a0\u00bbvcpb-default\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_new=\u00a0\u00bbid^3473|url^https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/banner-land-use.jpg|caption^null|alt^null|title^banner-land-use|description^null\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbno-repeat\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_posiiton=\u00a0\u00bb70% 95%\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column]<div class=\"ult-spacer spacer-69e43cada6b6e\" data-id=\"69e43cada6b6e\" data-height=\"400\" data-height-mobile=\"500\" data-height-tab=\"\" data-height-tab-portrait=\"\" data-height-mobile-landscape=\"\" style=\"clear:both;display:block;\"><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row centered=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb bg_type=\u00a0\u00bbimage\u00a0\u00bb parallax_style=\u00a0\u00bbvcpb-default\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbno-repeat\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_posiiton=\u00a0\u00bbtop center\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1649776165661{background-color: #ffffff !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]<div class=\"ult-spacer spacer-69e43cada6bc5\" data-id=\"69e43cada6bc5\" data-height=\"70\" data-height-mobile=\"70\" data-height-tab=\"70\" data-height-tab-portrait=\"\" data-height-mobile-landscape=\"\" style=\"clear:both;display:block;\"><\/div>[vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/4&Prime;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2&Prime;]<div id=\"ultimate-heading-233269e43cada6c1d\" class=\"uvc-heading ult-adjust-bottom-margin ultimate-heading-233269e43cada6c1d uvc-4904 \" data-hspacer=\"no_spacer\"  data-halign=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center\"><div class=\"uvc-heading-spacer no_spacer\" style=\"top\"><\/div><div class=\"uvc-main-heading ult-responsive\"  data-ultimate-target='.uvc-heading.ultimate-heading-233269e43cada6c1d h3'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"desktop:30px;\",\"line-height\":\"\"}' ><h3 style=\"font-family:&#039;Montserrat&#039;;font-weight:700;color:#435061;margin-bottom:10px;\">LES BIO\u00c9NERGIES AUGMENTENT LA PRESSION SUR LES TERRES<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"uvc-sub-heading ult-responsive\"  data-ultimate-target='.uvc-heading.ultimate-heading-233269e43cada6c1d .uvc-sub-heading '  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"desktop:20px;\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  style=\"font-weight:normal;color:#435061;\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">LES RESSOURCES TERRESTRES SONT LIMIT\u00c9ES.<br \/>\nNOUS DEVONS LES UTILISER AVEC PARCIMONIE<\/p>\n<p><\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/4&Prime;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner]<div class=\"ult-spacer spacer-69e43cada6c85\" data-id=\"69e43cada6c85\" data-height=\"70\" data-height-mobile=\"70\" data-height-tab=\"70\" data-height-tab-portrait=\"\" data-height-mobile-landscape=\"\" style=\"clear:both;display:block;\"><\/div><div class=\" ubtn-ctn-center eubutton eubutton--none\"><button type=\"button\" id=\"ubtn-7551\"  class=\"ubtn ult-adjust-bottom-margin ult-responsive ubtn-normal ubtn-no-hover-bg  none  ubtn-center eubutton eubutton--none  tooltip-69e43cada6cc8\"  data-hover=\"\" data-border-color=\"\" data-bg=\"#505a6b\" data-hover-bg=\"#505a6b\" data-border-hover=\"\" data-shadow-hover=\"\" data-shadow-click=\"none\" data-shadow=\"\" data-shd-shadow=\"\"  data-ultimate-target='#ubtn-7551'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"desktop:18px;\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  style=\"font-family:&#039;Montserrat&#039;;font-weight:700;border-radius:10px;border-width:px;border-color:;border-style:solid;background: #505a6b;color: #ffffff;\"><span class=\"ubtn-hover\" style=\"background-color:#505a6b\"><\/span><span class=\"ubtn-data ubtn-text \" >NOURRITURE OU \u00c9NERGIE ?<\/span><\/button><\/div>[vc_row_inner content_placement=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2&Prime;][vc_column_text]Les sols sont une ressource limit\u00e9e.<strong>On estime que 58.4% de la surface terrestre \u00e9merg\u00e9e est soumise \u00e0 \u00ab une pression anthropique mod\u00e9r\u00e9e ou intense \u00bb, et cette pression s\u2019accro\u00eet.<\/strong> La moiti\u00e9 des terres habitables dans le monde est aujourd\u2019hui d\u00e9di\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019agriculture. <sup>1<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>L\u2019UE est d\u00e9j\u00e0 un importateur net de terres agricoles sous forme d\u2019aliments pour animaux. Cela signifie que d&rsquo;\u00e9normes quantit\u00e9s de r\u00e9coltes cultiv\u00e9es sur les terres d&rsquo;autres pays sont import\u00e9es par l\u2019Europe pour nourrir son b\u00e9tail (voir les chiffres dans le slider de droite). <strong>La demande suppl\u00e9mentaire de cultures pour produire des biocarburants accentue ce d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibre<\/strong> : en d\u00e9tournant des terres destin\u00e9es \u00e0 la production alimentaire, la demande europ\u00e9enne en biocarburants contribue \u00e0 la hausse des prix et exacerbe les crises alimentaires.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2&Prime;]<div id=\"ult-carousel-265192885769e43cada6f08\" class=\"ult-carousel-wrapper  euslick euslick--text ult_horizontal\" data-gutter=\"0\" data-rtl=\"false\" ><div class=\"ult-carousel-358104160769e43cada6d4c \" >[vc_single_image image=\u00a0\u00bb3457&Prime; img_size=\u00a0\u00bbfull\u00a0\u00bb add_caption=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb onclick=\u00a0\u00bbcustom_link\u00a0\u00bb img_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_blank\u00a0\u00bb link=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:%2F%2Fwww.eubioenergy.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2022%2F04%2Fglobal-surface-area.jpg|\u00a0\u00bb][vc_single_image image=\u00a0\u00bb3456&Prime; img_size=\u00a0\u00bbfull\u00a0\u00bb onclick=\u00a0\u00bbcustom_link\u00a0\u00bb img_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_blank\u00a0\u00bb link=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:%2F%2Fwww.eubioenergy.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2022%2F04%2Fdisplacement-of-land-use.jpg|\u00a0\u00bb]<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t<script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n\t\t\t\tjQuery(document).ready(function ($) {\n\t\t\t\t\tif( typeof jQuery('.ult-carousel-358104160769e43cada6d4c').slick == \"function\"){\n\t\t\t\t\t\t$('.ult-carousel-358104160769e43cada6d4c').slick({dots: false,autoplaySpeed: 5000,speed: 600,infinite: true,arrows: true,nextArrow: '<button type=\"button\" role=\"button\" aria-label=\"Next\" style=\"color:rgba(255,255,255,0.55); font-size:20px;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.49);\" class=\"slick-next circle-bg\"><i class=\"ultsl-arrow-right4\"><\/i><\/button>',prevArrow: '<button type=\"button\" role=\"button\" aria-label=\"Previous\" style=\"color:rgba(255,255,255,0.55); font-size:20px;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.49);\" class=\"slick-prev circle-bg\"><i class=\"ultsl-arrow-left4\"><\/i><\/button>',slidesToScroll:1,slidesToShow:1,swipe: true,draggable: true,touchMove: true,pauseOnHover: true,pauseOnFocus: false,responsive: [\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t{\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t  breakpoint: 1026,\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t  settings: {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tslidesToShow: 1,\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tslidesToScroll: 1,  \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t  }\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t},\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t{\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t  breakpoint: 1025,\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t  settings: {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tslidesToShow: 1,\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tslidesToScroll: 1\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t  }\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t},\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t{\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t  breakpoint: 760,\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t  settings: {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tslidesToShow: 1,\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tslidesToScroll: 1\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t  }\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t],pauseOnDotsHover: true,customPaging: function(slider, i) {\n                   return '<i type=\"button\" style= \"color:#333333;\" class=\"ultsl-record\" data-role=\"none\"><\/i>';\n                },});\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t});\n\t\t\t<\/script>\n\t\t\t[\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row centered=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb bg_type=\u00a0\u00bbimage\u00a0\u00bb parallax_style=\u00a0\u00bbvcpb-default\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbno-repeat\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_posiiton=\u00a0\u00bbtop center\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1649776165661{background-color: #ffffff !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]<div class=\" ubtn-ctn-center eubutton eubutton--none\"><button type=\"button\" id=\"ubtn-2340\"  class=\"ubtn ult-adjust-bottom-margin ult-responsive ubtn-normal ubtn-no-hover-bg  none  ubtn-center eubutton eubutton--none  tooltip-69e43cada6f7a\"  data-hover=\"\" data-border-color=\"\" data-bg=\"#505a6b\" data-hover-bg=\"#505a6b\" data-border-hover=\"\" data-shadow-hover=\"\" data-shadow-click=\"none\" data-shadow=\"\" data-shd-shadow=\"\"  data-ultimate-target='#ubtn-2340'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"desktop:18px;\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  style=\"font-family:&#039;Montserrat&#039;;font-weight:700;border-radius:10px;border-width:px;border-color:;border-style:solid;background: #505a6b;color: #ffffff;\"><span class=\"ubtn-hover\" style=\"background-color:#505a6b\"><\/span><span class=\"ubtn-data ubtn-text \" >CHANGEMENT D\u2019AFFECTATION DES SOLS EN EUROPE ET AILLEURS<\/span><\/button><\/div>[vc_row_inner content_placement=\u00a0\u00bbtop\u00a0\u00bb gap=\u00a0\u00bb10&Prime; css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1650008705849{margin-right: 10px !important;margin-left: 10px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_inner el_class=\u00a0\u00bbeublocktextimagegray\u00a0\u00bb width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2&Prime; css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1650897830877{padding-top: 15px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;background-color: #f4f8f9 !important;border-radius: 10px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_single_image image=\u00a0\u00bb3458&Prime; img_size=\u00a0\u00bblarge\u00a0\u00bb alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1651219350080{padding-top: 5px !important;padding-right: 20px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;padding-left: 20px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n<h4>QU\u2019EST-CE-QUE LE CHANGEMENT DIRECT ET INDIRECT D\u2019AFFECTATION DES SOLS ?<\/h4>\n<p>Pour produire des cultures, les humains transforment les terres naturelles (for\u00eats, prairies, zones humides) en terres arables. Aujourd\u2019hui, la majeure partie de ces terres est utilis\u00e9e pour la production de denr\u00e9es alimentaires ou destin\u00e9es aux animaux. Si nous produisons de la bio\u00e9nergie \u00e0 partir de cultures tout en conservant la surface actuelle des terres cultiv\u00e9es, alors nous perdons en capacit\u00e9 de production alimentaire. Cette situation entra\u00eene des Changements directs et indirects d\u2019Affectation des Sols.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Le Changement d\u2019Affectation des Sols Direct (CASd &#8211; plus souvent en anglais : DLUC pour \u00ab Direct Land Use Change \u00bb)<\/strong>signifie que nous conservons toutes les terres arables existantes pour la production alimentaire, mais que nous convertissons de nouvelles terres naturelles en terres arables pour des cultures destin\u00e9es aux biocarburants.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Le Changement d\u2019Affectation des Sols Indirect (CASi &#8211; plus souvent en anglais : ILUC pour \u00ab Indirect Land Use Change \u00bb)<\/strong>signifie que nous convertissons une partie des terres arables d\u00e9di\u00e9es \u00e0 la production alimentaire pour en faire des cultures \u00e0 destination des biocarburants. D\u00e8s lors, nous convertissons d\u2019autres habitats naturels en nouvelles terres arables (anthropisation) afin de maintenir la m\u00eame capacit\u00e9 de production alimentaire.<\/p>\n<p>Ainsi, parce qu\u2019ils impliquent tous deux des conversions d\u2019habitats naturels en terres arables, les changements directs et indirects d\u2019affectation des sols ont des cons\u00e9quences d\u00e9sastreuses sur la protection de la nature, la biodiversit\u00e9 et le changement climatique. Davantage d\u2019informations sur nos pages consacr\u00e9es <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/fr\/5-problematiques\/menace-de-la-vie-sauvage\/\">\u00e0 la faune et \u00e0 la flore sauvages<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/fr\/5-problematiques\/acceleration-du-changement-climatique\/\">au d\u00e9r\u00e8glement climatique<\/a>.<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 10px;\">Image source: ECA<sup>3<\/sup><\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2&Prime;][vc_column_text]La production \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle de cultures destin\u00e9es aux biocarburants et au biogaz entre en concurrence avec la production alimentaire et avec d\u2019autres utilisations des terres comme les zones sauvages et non exploit\u00e9es permettant \u00e0 la nature de prosp\u00e9rer. <strong>Utiliser davantage de terrains agricoles en Europe pour produire des bio\u00e9nergies diminue notre capacit\u00e9 de production alimentaire<\/strong> et implique l\u2019importation de denr\u00e9es de pays ext\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 l\u2019UE o\u00f9 l\u2019agriculture empi\u00e8te sur certains des habitats naturels les plus pr\u00e9cieux au monde (comme les for\u00eats tropicales).<\/p>\n<p>La production de bio\u00e9nergie en Europe entraine donc des changements indirects d\u2019affectation du sol dans d\u2019autres pays. Ces conversions de terres et d\u2019habitats produisent des \u00e9missions suppl\u00e9mentaires de CO<strong><sub>2<\/sub><\/strong>(par d\u00e9forestations et par destructions et mises en culture de zones humides, tourbi\u00e8res et prairies). <sup>2, 3<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>L\u2019huile de palme repr\u00e9sente 33% de la production mondiale d\u2019huiles v\u00e9g\u00e9tales, et constitue l\u2019une des principales cultures utilis\u00e9es pour produire du biocarburant (<strong>pr\u00e8s de 2\/3 de l\u2019huile de palme consomm\u00e9e dans l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne est br\u00fbl\u00e9e comme carburant<\/strong><sup>4<\/sup>). Mais le palmier \u00e0 huile est une plante qui ne prosp\u00e8re que dans des climats tropicaux o\u00f9 la plupart des sols fertiles proviennent de for\u00eats r\u00e9cemment d\u00e9frich\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<p>Ces abattages massifs de zones foresti\u00e8res ont des c<strong>ons\u00e9quences d\u00e9sastreuses pour la biodiversit\u00e9<\/strong>, en d\u00e9cimant par exemple les derniers habitats d\u2019esp\u00e8ces animales comme l\u2019orang-outan. Ils lib\u00e8rent \u00e9galement d\u2019importantes quantit\u00e9s de CO<sub>2<\/sub> qui \u00e9taient stock\u00e9es dans les arbres, en br\u00fblant le bois lors du d\u00e9frichage ou lors de la production d\u2019\u00e9nergie. Cela, sans compter la perte des puits carbones que constituaient ces pr\u00e9cieuses for\u00eats.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row centered=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb bg_type=\u00a0\u00bbimage\u00a0\u00bb parallax_style=\u00a0\u00bbvcpb-default\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbno-repeat\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_posiiton=\u00a0\u00bbtop center\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1650008714954{margin-right: 10px !important;margin-left: 10px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1649776165661{background-color: #ffffff !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]<div class=\"ult-spacer spacer-69e43cada6fd9\" data-id=\"69e43cada6fd9\" data-height=\"70\" data-height-mobile=\"70\" data-height-tab=\"70\" data-height-tab-portrait=\"\" data-height-mobile-landscape=\"\" style=\"clear:both;display:block;\"><\/div><div class=\" ubtn-ctn-center eubutton eubutton--none\"><button type=\"button\" id=\"ubtn-5087\"  class=\"ubtn ult-adjust-bottom-margin ult-responsive ubtn-normal ubtn-no-hover-bg  none  ubtn-center eubutton eubutton--none  tooltip-69e43cada700e\"  data-hover=\"\" data-border-color=\"\" data-bg=\"#505a6b\" data-hover-bg=\"#505a6b\" data-border-hover=\"\" data-shadow-hover=\"\" data-shadow-click=\"none\" data-shadow=\"\" data-shd-shadow=\"\"  data-ultimate-target='#ubtn-5087'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"desktop:18px;\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  style=\"font-family:&#039;Montserrat&#039;;font-weight:700;border-radius:10px;border-width:px;border-color:;border-style:solid;background: #505a6b;color: #ffffff;\"><span class=\"ubtn-hover\" style=\"background-color:#505a6b\"><\/span><span class=\"ubtn-data ubtn-text \" >ETUDE DE CAS : LES BIOCARBURANTS EN ALLEMAGNE<\/span><\/button><\/div>[vc_row_inner content_placement=\u00a0\u00bbtop\u00a0\u00bb gap=\u00a0\u00bb10&Prime;][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2&Prime;][vc_column_text]Les biocarburants \u00e9mettent du CO<sub>2<\/sub> tout comme les \u00e9nergies fossiles. Pour produire le biocarburant destin\u00e9 \u00e0 la consommation allemande, on estime que plus de <strong>1,2 million d&rsquo;hectares de terres sont utilis\u00e9s, soit pr\u00e8s de cinq fois la superficie du Luxembourg.<\/strong> Une partie est directement produite sur le territoire allemand, le reste est import\u00e9 d\u2019un peu partout dans le monde. <sup>5<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Sur une telle surface, laisser la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation naturelle repousser <b>permettrait de capturer en moyenne 16,4 millions de tonnes de CO<\/b><sub style=\"font-weight: bold;\">2<\/sub> <b>par an<\/b><strong>.<\/strong> <sup><b>5<\/b><\/sup> Et si seulement 3% de cette surface remise \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tat sauvage \u00e9tait allou\u00e9e \u00e0 la production d\u2019\u00e9nergie solaire, nous pourrions alors \u00e9pargner <strong>pas moins de 27,5 millions de tonnes de CO<sub style=\"font-weight: bold;\">2<\/sub> par an !<\/strong>En effet, l\u2019\u00e9nergie solaire produite par panneaux photovolta\u00efques en plein champ est environ 34 fois plus efficace que les biocarburants produits \u00e0 partir de cultures. Cela signifie que pour produire la m\u00eame quantit\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9nergie \u00e0 destination de v\u00e9hicules \u00e9lectriques, <strong>97% de terres en moins seraient n\u00e9cessaires par rapport aux biocarburants !<\/strong><sup>5<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>A cela, il faut rappeler que les habitats naturels ne nous servent pas uniquement \u00e0 lutter contre le d\u00e9r\u00e8glement climatique. Ils offrent \u00e9galement de nombreux autres services \u00e9cosyst\u00e9miques comme<strong>l\u2019accroissement des populations de pollinisateurs<\/strong>, la p<strong>rotection contre les inondations des habitations environnantes<\/strong>, l\u2019\u00e9panouissement de la <strong>vie sauvage<\/strong>, ou encore <strong>l\u2019enrichissement des sols en nutriments<\/strong>. Utiliser la richesse des terres pour produire des biocarburants, ce n\u2019est pas seulement <strong>un choix malavis\u00e9 d\u2019un point de vue climatique<\/strong>, c\u2019est aussi <strong>un choix n\u00e9faste pour la biodiversit\u00e9 et les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes<\/strong>, parce que c\u2019est un choix qui promeut les pratiques agricoles intensives.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=\u00a0\u00bbeuslider euslider&#8211;borderround\u00a0\u00bb width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2&Prime; css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1651227832229{border-top-width: 2px !important;border-right-width: 2px !important;border-bottom-width: 2px !important;border-left-width: 2px !important;padding-top: 10px !important;padding-right: 15px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;padding-left: 15px !important;border-left-color: #435061 !important;border-left-style: solid !important;border-right-color: #435061 !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-top-color: #435061 !important;border-top-style: solid !important;border-bottom-color: #435061 !important;border-bottom-style: solid !important;border-radius: 20px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb]<div id=\"ult-carousel-335353631569e43cada7065\" class=\"ult-carousel-wrapper  euslick euslick--text ult_horizontal\" data-gutter=\"0\" data-rtl=\"false\" ><div class=\"ult-carousel-123460536369e43cada7051 \" >[vc_single_image image=\u00a0\u00bb3662&Prime; 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el_class=\u00a0\u00bbeusources\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text el_class=\u00a0\u00bbeulinks\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.birdlife.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/birdlife-europe-report-burn-restore-forests-land-use-bioenergy-may2021.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Report \u201cBurn or Restore Meeting competing demands for land in the best way for nature, the climate, and human needs\u201d<\/strong>, BirdLife Europe &amp; Central Asia, 2021<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transportenvironment.org\/discover\/biodiesels-impact-emissions-extra-12m-cars-our-roads-latest-figures-show\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Biodiesel\u2019s impact: emissions of an extra 12m cars on our roads, latest figures show<\/strong>, Transport &amp; Environment, 2016.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/op.europa.eu\/webpub\/eca\/lr-energy-and-climate\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>EU action on energy and climate change<\/strong>, European Court of Auditor, 2017<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transportenvironment.org\/discover\/almost-two-thirds-palm-oil-consumed-eu-burned-energy-new-data\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Almost two-thirds of palm oil consumed in the EU is burned as energy \u2013 new data<\/strong>, Transport &amp; Environment, 2019<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.duh.de\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/download\/Projektinformation\/Naturschutz\/Agrokraftstoffe\/DUH_Briefing_Crop-biofuel-study_23-02-2022_final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Case study Germany: More than 1 million hectares wasted. The huge climate costs of crop biofuels<\/strong>, Deutsche Umwelthilfe, 2022<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner]<div class=\"ult-spacer spacer-69e43cada710b\" data-id=\"69e43cada710b\" data-height=\"120\" data-height-mobile=\"120\" data-height-tab=\"120\" data-height-tab-portrait=\"\" data-height-mobile-landscape=\"\" style=\"clear:both;display:block;\"><\/div><div id=\"ult-easy-separator-36024646969e43cada770c\" class=\"ult-easy-separator-wrapper ult-responsive ult-bottom-easy-separator ult-easy-separator-no-default \" style=\"transform: translate(-50%,58%)!important;-ms-transform: translate(-50%,58%)!important;-webkit-transform: translate(-50%,58%)!important;\" data-vc-row=\"wpb_row\"  data-ultimate-target='#ult-easy-separator-36024646969e43cada770c'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"width\":\"\"}' ><div class=\"ult-easy-separator-inner-wrapper\"><div class=\"ult-no-animation\" style=\"opacity:0;\"   ><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"ult-easy-separator-img\" alt=\"null\" src=\"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/dechirure-news-bottom.png\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb centered=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb bg_type=\u00a0\u00bbimage\u00a0\u00bb parallax_style=\u00a0\u00bbvcpb-default\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_new=\u00a0\u00bbid^3475|url^https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/footer-land-use.jpg|caption^null|alt^null|title^footer-land-use|description^null\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbno-repeat\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_posiiton=\u00a0\u00bbcenter bottom\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb2\/5&Prime; offset=\u00a0\u00bbvc_col-lg-3\/5 vc_col-md-2\/5&Prime;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb3\/5&Prime; css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1650007822970{background-color: rgba(64,81,99,0.67) !important;*background-color: rgb(64,81,99) !important;}\u00a0\u00bb offset=\u00a0\u00bbvc_col-lg-2\/5 vc_col-md-3\/5&Prime;]<div class=\"ult-spacer spacer-69e43cada7768\" data-id=\"69e43cada7768\" data-height=\"110\" data-height-mobile=\"110\" data-height-tab=\"110\" data-height-tab-portrait=\"\" data-height-mobile-landscape=\"\" style=\"clear:both;display:block;\"><\/div><div id=\"ultimate-heading-18769e43cada77a2\" class=\"uvc-heading ult-adjust-bottom-margin ultimate-heading-18769e43cada77a2 uvc-9535 \" data-hspacer=\"no_spacer\"  data-halign=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center\"><div class=\"uvc-heading-spacer no_spacer\" style=\"top\"><\/div><div class=\"uvc-main-heading ult-responsive\"  data-ultimate-target='.uvc-heading.ultimate-heading-18769e43cada77a2 h3'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"desktop:26px;tablet:24px;mobile:22px;\",\"line-height\":\"\"}' ><h3 style=\"font-family:&#039;Montserrat&#039;;font-weight:bold;color:#ffffff;margin-bottom:30px;\">NOUS DEVONS DIMINUER NOTRE PRESSION SUR LES TERRES ET ADOPTER DES PRATIQUES DURABLES<\/h3><\/div><\/div><div class=\" ubtn-ctn-center eubutton\"><a class=\"ubtn-link ult-adjust-bottom-margin ubtn-center ubtn-normal eubutton\" href=\"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/fr\/agir-avec-nous\/\" title=\"Act with us\" ><button type=\"button\" id=\"ubtn-3906\"  class=\"ubtn ult-adjust-bottom-margin ult-responsive ubtn-normal ubtn-fade-bg  none  ubtn-center   tooltip-69e43cada77eb\"  data-hover=\"\" data-border-color=\"\" data-bg=\"#0d7cec\" data-hover-bg=\"#0c54d1\" data-border-hover=\"\" data-shadow-hover=\"\" data-shadow-click=\"none\" data-shadow=\"\" data-shd-shadow=\"\"  data-ultimate-target='#ubtn-3906'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"desktop:22px;\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  style=\"font-family:&#039;Montserrat&#039;;font-weight:700;border-radius:10px;border-width:px;border-color:;border-style:solid;background: #0d7cec;color: #ffffff;\"><span class=\"ubtn-hover\" style=\"background-color:#0c54d1\"><\/span><span class=\"ubtn-data ubtn-text \" >AGISSONS<\/span><\/button><\/a><\/div><div class=\"ult-spacer spacer-69e43cada7857\" data-id=\"69e43cada7857\" data-height=\"100\" data-height-mobile=\"100\" data-height-tab=\"100\" data-height-tab-portrait=\"\" data-height-mobile-landscape=\"\" style=\"clear:both;display:block;\"><\/div>[\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row centered=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb bg_type=\u00a0\u00bbimage\u00a0\u00bb parallax_style=\u00a0\u00bbvcpb-default\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbno-repeat\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_posiiton=\u00a0\u00bbtop center\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1649835190809{background-color: #f6f9fa !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column]<div id=\"ult-easy-separator-291758563769e43cada7cac\" class=\"ult-easy-separator-wrapper ult-responsive ult-top-easy-separator ult-easy-separator-no-default \" style=\"transform: translate(-50%,-58%)!important;-ms-transform: translate(-50%,-58%)!important;-webkit-transform: translate(-50%,-58%)!important;\" data-vc-row=\"wpb_row\"  data-ultimate-target='#ult-easy-separator-291758563769e43cada7cac'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"width\":\"\"}' ><div class=\"ult-easy-separator-inner-wrapper\"><div class=\"ult-no-animation\" style=\"opacity:0;\"   ><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"ult-easy-separator-img\" alt=\"null\" src=\"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/dechirure-issues.png\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ult-spacer spacer-69e43cada7d01\" data-id=\"69e43cada7d01\" data-height=\"70\" data-height-mobile=\"70\" data-height-tab=\"70\" data-height-tab-portrait=\"\" data-height-mobile-landscape=\"\" style=\"clear:both;display:block;\"><\/div><div id=\"ultimate-heading-509769e43cada8237\" class=\"uvc-heading ult-adjust-bottom-margin ultimate-heading-509769e43cada8237 uvc-4431 \" data-hspacer=\"image_only\"  data-halign=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center\"><div class=\"uvc-heading-spacer image_only\" style=\"margin-bottom:20px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/tree-separator-blue.png\" class=\"ultimate-headings-icon-image\" alt=\"null\" style=\"width:33px\"\/><\/div><div class=\"uvc-main-heading ult-responsive\"  data-ultimate-target='.uvc-heading.ultimate-heading-509769e43cada8237 h3'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"desktop:30px;\",\"line-height\":\"\"}' ><h3 style=\"font-family:&#039;Montserrat&#039;;font-weight:700;color:#435061;margin-bottom:50px;\">EN SAVOIR PLUS SUR LES AUTRES PROBL\u00c8MES LI\u00c9S AUX BIO\u00c9NERGIES<\/h3><\/div><\/div>[vc_row_inner content_placement=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_inner el_class=\u00a0\u00bbeuissueitem\u00a0\u00bb width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/4&Prime;]<div id=\"ultimate-heading-374369e43cada827f\" class=\"uvc-heading ult-adjust-bottom-margin ultimate-heading-374369e43cada827f uvc-3620 \" data-hspacer=\"no_spacer\"  data-halign=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center\"><div class=\"uvc-heading-spacer no_spacer\" style=\"top\"><\/div><div class=\"uvc-sub-heading ult-responsive\"  data-ultimate-target='.uvc-heading.ultimate-heading-374369e43cada827f .uvc-sub-heading '  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/fr\/5-problematiques\/destruction-des-forets\/\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1164\" src=\"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/issue01-forests-e1649925058395-280x300.png\" rel=\"PrettyPhoto[4850]\" alt=\"\" width=\"280\" height=\"300\" \/><\/strong><\/a><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/fr\/5-problematiques\/destruction-des-forets\/\">DESTRUCTION DES FOR\u00caTS<\/a><\/h4>\n<p><\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=\u00a0\u00bbeuissueitem\u00a0\u00bb width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/4&Prime;]<div id=\"ultimate-heading-958269e43cada82a4\" class=\"uvc-heading ult-adjust-bottom-margin ultimate-heading-958269e43cada82a4 uvc-1882 \" data-hspacer=\"no_spacer\"  data-halign=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center\"><div class=\"uvc-heading-spacer no_spacer\" style=\"top\"><\/div><div class=\"uvc-sub-heading ult-responsive\"  data-ultimate-target='.uvc-heading.ultimate-heading-958269e43cada82a4 .uvc-sub-heading '  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/fr\/5-problematiques\/acceleration-du-changement-climatique\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1182\" src=\"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/issue03-climate-e1649924767951-300x230.png\" rel=\"PrettyPhoto[4850]\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"230\" \/><\/a><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/fr\/5-problematiques\/acceleration-du-changement-climatique\/\">ACC\u00c9L\u00c9RATION DU CHANGEMENT CLIMATIQUE<\/a><\/h4>\n<p><\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=\u00a0\u00bbeuissueitem\u00a0\u00bb width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/4&Prime;]<div id=\"ultimate-heading-249269e43cada82bf\" class=\"uvc-heading ult-adjust-bottom-margin ultimate-heading-249269e43cada82bf uvc-9047 \" data-hspacer=\"no_spacer\"  data-halign=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center\"><div class=\"uvc-heading-spacer no_spacer\" style=\"top\"><\/div><div class=\"uvc-sub-heading ult-responsive\"  data-ultimate-target='.uvc-heading.ultimate-heading-249269e43cada82bf .uvc-sub-heading '  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/fr\/5-problematiques\/menace-de-la-vie-sauvage\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1181\" src=\"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/issue02-wildlife-e1649925005955-280x300.png\" rel=\"PrettyPhoto[4850]\" alt=\"\" width=\"280\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/fr\/5-problematiques\/menace-de-la-vie-sauvage\/\">MENACE DE LA VIE SAUVAGE<\/a><\/h4>\n<p><\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=\u00a0\u00bbeuissueitem\u00a0\u00bb width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/4&Prime;]<div id=\"ultimate-heading-553669e43cada82e3\" class=\"uvc-heading ult-adjust-bottom-margin ultimate-heading-553669e43cada82e3 uvc-5020 \" data-hspacer=\"no_spacer\"  data-halign=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center\"><div class=\"uvc-heading-spacer no_spacer\" style=\"top\"><\/div><div class=\"uvc-sub-heading ult-responsive\"  data-ultimate-target='.uvc-heading.ultimate-heading-553669e43cada82e3 .uvc-sub-heading '  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/fr\/5-problematiques\/pollution-de-lair\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1183\" src=\"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/issue04-pollution-e1649924807156-300x289.png\" rel=\"PrettyPhoto[4850]\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"289\" \/><\/a><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/fr\/5-problematiques\/pollution-de-lair\/\">POLLUTION DE L\u2019AIR<\/a><\/h4>\n<p><\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner]<div class=\"ult-spacer spacer-69e43cada830a\" data-id=\"69e43cada830a\" data-height=\"150\" data-height-mobile=\"150\" data-height-tab=\"150\" data-height-tab-portrait=\"\" data-height-mobile-landscape=\"\" style=\"clear:both;display:block;\"><\/div><div id=\"ult-easy-separator-56640245569e43cada8740\" class=\"ult-easy-separator-wrapper ult-responsive ult-bottom-easy-separator ult-easy-separator-no-default \" style=\"transform: translate(-50%,58%)!important;-ms-transform: translate(-50%,58%)!important;-webkit-transform: translate(-50%,58%)!important;\" data-vc-row=\"wpb_row\"  data-ultimate-target='#ult-easy-separator-56640245569e43cada8740'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"width\":\"\"}' ><div class=\"ult-easy-separator-inner-wrapper\"><div class=\"ult-no-animation\" style=\"opacity:0;\"   ><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"ult-easy-separator-img\" alt=\"null\" src=\"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/dechirure-issues-bottom.png\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row css_animation=\u00a0\u00bbfadeIn\u00a0\u00bb centered=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb bg_type=\u00a0\u00bbimage\u00a0\u00bb parallax_style=\u00a0\u00bbvcpb-default\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_new=\u00a0\u00bbid^3473|url^https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/banner-land-use.jpg|caption^null|alt^null|title^banner-land-use|description^null\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbno-repeat\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_posiiton=\u00a0\u00bb70% 95%\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row centered=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb bg_type=\u00a0\u00bbimage\u00a0\u00bb parallax_style=\u00a0\u00bbvcpb-default\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbno-repeat\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_posiiton=\u00a0\u00bbtop center\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1649776165661{background-color: #ffffff !important;}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/4&Prime;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2&Prime;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/4&Prime;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner content_placement=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/2&Prime;][vc_column_text]Les sols sont une ressource limit\u00e9e.On estime que 58.4% de la surface terrestre \u00e9merg\u00e9e est soumise \u00e0 \u00ab une pression anthropique mod\u00e9r\u00e9e ou intense \u00bb, et cette<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"sd-more sd-all-trans\" href=\"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/fr\/5-problematiques\/pression-sur-les-terres\/#more-4850\">En savoir plus<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":4817,"menu_order":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"full-width-page.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4850","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4850","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4850"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4850\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4977,"href":"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4850\/revisions\/4977"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4817"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.eubioenergy.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4850"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}